Benzyl Alcohol G.R. (CAS NO. 100-51-6)
Benzyl alcohol, with the chemical formula C₆H₅CH₂OH, is an aromatic alcohol with a pleasant, mild aroma. The “G.R.” designation typically indicates that the compound is of General Reagent Grade, meaning it meets certain purity standards suitable for use in research, laboratories, and industrial applications. It is identified by the CAS Number 100-51-6, which is its unique identifier in the Chemical Abstracts Service database.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Benzyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with the following characteristics:
- Molecular Weight: 108.14 g/mol
- Boiling Point: Approximately 205°C
- Melting Point: -15°C
- Density: 1.045 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents like ethanol, ether, and chloroform.
Uses of Benzyl Alcohol
Benzyl alcohol is versatile and finds applications in various fields:
1. Solvent
Benzyl alcohol is widely used as a solvent due to its ability to dissolve a broad range of materials. It is particularly effective in dissolving epoxy resins, paints, and lacquers and is often employed in industries like:
- Pharmaceuticals: For preparing drug solutions.
- Textiles: Used in dyeing processes to aid in the dissolution and dispersion of dyes.
2. Intermediate in Chemical Synthesis
Benzyl alcohol acts as a precursor for synthesizing benzyl chloride and other benzyl derivatives, essential in the production of various chemical compounds.
3. Preservative
It is often utilized as a preservative in:
- Cosmetics: As an antimicrobial agent to extend the shelf life of products like lotions, creams, and shampoos.
- Pharmaceuticals: In multi-dose injectable solutions, benzyl alcohol acts as a bacteriostatic agent, preventing bacterial contamination.
4. Flavors and Fragrances
Due to its mild, pleasant odor, benzyl alcohol is employed in the perfume industry and as a flavoring agent in food. Its low toxicity makes it suitable for such applications.
5. Medical Applications
- Topical Products: Benzyl alcohol is used in products for skin treatments, such as antiparasitic lotions for treating head lice (e.g., 5% benzyl alcohol solution).
- Local Anesthetic: It acts as a mild anesthetic for relieving minor pain or discomfort in certain applications.
6. Laboratory Uses
In laboratories, benzyl alcohol is used as a fixative for tissue samples in histology and as a general-purpose reagent for organic synthesis.
Safety and Handling
While benzyl alcohol is relatively safe, it should be handled with care. Overexposure may lead to skin or eye irritation. Inhalation of vapors in large quantities can cause respiratory discomfort. It is important to:
- Store it in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry place.
- Use personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves and goggles during handling.
Conclusion
Benzyl alcohol (CAS NO. 100-51-6) is a highly useful chemical with applications spanning industrial, medical, and laboratory settings. Its properties as a solvent, preservative, and intermediate make it indispensable across multiple domains. However, proper handling and storage are crucial to ensure its safe and effective use
